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Rhythm in Music
Quarter note = 1 beat
A quarter note is all black with a rod on it that goes up or down. I call it our “stepping” note because the note just steps and moves. With 4/4 time, you would have a measure of 4 quarter notes because a quarter note gets 1 count. Remember that music and math go hand in hand.
White = 2 beats
A half note is all white with a stem on it. When you played this kind of note, you paused, as if you were coming to a yellow light. You would play a half note by counting 1 & 2 &. With 4/4 time, you would have 2 half notes in a bar to play because 2 + 2 = 4. Don’t forget that music and math go hand in hand!
If you’re not sure what a bar is in written music, always remember that notes placed between barlines are a bar. Bar lines divide music into bars. When watching a piece of music, go to the very end of a song and you will find a double bar line there.
Repeat dots (repeat sign)
The colon at the end of the song is a repeat sign, meaning to play the song from the beginning. Sometimes my students ask, “Oh, do I have to do this?” The answer is “yes” because the composer intended to play this section of music again! Another way of looking at it is that you won’t have any more pages to turn. Just replay the first page or maybe it will just be a few lines repeated. The sign of repetition is indeed a very precious sign.
Whole rating = 4 counts
A whole note is also a white note, but it doesn’t have a stem on it. I call it our donut note. Some of my students call it a “hamburger” note! When you see a whole note, you have to hold down the note and count, 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 &. It’s like coming to a red light and coming to a complete stop.
Dotted half note = 3 beats
A dot after a note adds half the value of the note. So you now have 2 + 1 = 3 beats. You hold down the note and count, 1 & 2 & 3 &.
Now, what’s cool is that each type of musical note has a corresponding rest. A rest sign means “do not play” like a rest area. Sometimes that means getting your hand ready in position and going up, but still don’t play a note, rest! Examples of some silences are:
rest shift
It looks like a “Z” and a quarter rest is worth 1 count.
half rest
It looks like a black top hat. A half-rest gets 2 beats or beats of silence. A semi-rest is found above the third line.
Everything else
Looks like an upside-down black top hat. Everything else hangs below the fourth line. He gets 4 counts or beats of silence.
Each bar in 4/4 has notes and rests totaling up to 4 beats.
Time signature
The time signature is made up of the two numbers written at the start of a piece. The top number indicates the number of beats in each measure. The lower number indicates which type of note gets a beat.
2 means two beats in each measure
4 means that the quarter note receives a time or a count.
3 means three beats in each measure.
4 means quarter note gets a beat.
4 means four beats in each bar
4 means quarter note gets a beat.
Practice Guidelines
1. Clap and count the beat out loud.
2. Play and say the note names out loud.
3. Play and count the beat out loud.
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